Usage:
class ApplicationMailer < ActionMailer::Base
# Set up properties
# Properties can also be specified via accessor methods
# (i.e. self.subject = "foo") and instance variables (@subject = "foo").
def signup_notification(recipient)
recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
subject "New account information"
body { "account" => recipient }
from "system@example.com"
end
# explicitly specify multipart messages
def signup_notification(recipient)
recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
subject "New account information"
from "system@example.com"
part :content_type => "text/html",
:body => render_message("signup-as-html", :account => recipient)
part "text/plain" do |p|
p.body = render_message("signup-as-plain", :account => recipient)
p.transfer_encoding = "base64"
end
end
# attachments
def signup_notification(recipient)
recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
subject "New account information"
from "system@example.com"
attachment :content_type => "image/jpeg",
:body => File.read("an-image.jpg")
attachment "application/pdf" do |a|
a.body = generate_your_pdf_here()
end
end
# implicitly multipart messages
def signup_notification(recipient)
recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
subject "New account information"
from "system@example.com"
body(:account => "recipient")
# ActionMailer will automatically detect and use multipart templates,
# where each template is named after the name of the action, followed
# by the content type. Each such detected template will be added as
# a separate part to the message.
#
# for example, if the following templates existed:
# * signup_notification.text.plain.rhtml
# * signup_notification.text.html.rhtml
# * signup_notification.text.xml.rxml
# * signup_notification.text.x-yaml.rhtml
#
# Each would be rendered and added as a separate part to the message,
# with the corresponding content type. The same body hash is passed to
# each template.
end
end
# After this, post_notification will look for "templates/application_mailer/post_notification.rhtml"
ApplicationMailer.template_root = "templates"
ApplicationMailer.create_comment_notification(david, hello_world) # => a tmail object
ApplicationMailer.deliver_comment_notification(david, hello_world) # sends the email
Configuration options
These options are specified on the class level, like ActionMailer::Base.template_root = "/my/templates"
- template_root - template root determines the base from which template references will be made.
- logger - the logger is used for generating information on the mailing run if available. Can be set to nil for no logging. Compatible with both Ruby’s own Logger and Log4r loggers.
- server_settings - Allows detailed configuration of the server:
- :address Allows you to use a remote mail server. Just change it from its default "localhost" setting.
- :port On the off chance that your mail server doesn’t run on port 25, you can change it.
- :domain If you need to specify a HELO domain, you can do it here.
- :user_name If your mail server requires authentication, set the username in this setting.
- :password If your mail server requires authentication, set the password in this setting.
- :authentication If your mail server requires authentication, you need to specify the authentication type here. This is a symbol and one of :plain, :login, :cram_md5
- raise_delivery_errors - whether or not errors should be raised if the email fails to be delivered.
- delivery_method - Defines a delivery method. Possible values are :smtp (default), :sendmail, and :test. Sendmail is assumed to be present at "/usr/sbin/sendmail".
- perform_deliveries - Determines whether deliver_* methods are actually carried out. By default they are, but this can be turned off to help functional testing.
- deliveries - Keeps an array of all the emails sent out through the Action Mailer with delivery_method :test. Most useful for unit and functional testing.
- default_charset - The default charset used for the body and to encode the subject. Defaults to UTF-8. You can also pick a different charset from inside a method with @charset.
- default_content_type - The default content type used for the main part of the message. Defaults to "text/plain". You can also pick a different content type from inside a method with @content_type.
- default_mime_version - The default mime version used for the message. Defaults to nil. You can also pick a different value from inside a method with @mime_version. When multipart messages are in use, @mime_version will be set to "1.0" if it is not set inside a method.
- default_implicit_parts_order - When a message is built implicitly (i.e. multiple parts are assembled from templates which specify the content type in their filenames) this variable controls how the parts are ordered. Defaults to ["text/html", "text/enriched", "text/plain"]. Items that appear first in the array have higher priority in the mail client and appear last in the mime encoded message. You can also pick a different order from inside a method with @implicit_parts_order.
- create_mail
- deliver
- deliver!
- initialize_defaults
- initialize_template_class
- perform_delivery_sendmail
- perform_delivery_smtp
- perform_delivery_test
- receive
- render
- render_message
- sort_parts
- template_path
- AdvAttrAccessor
- PartContainer
| [R] | The mail object instance referenced by this mailer. |
Deliver the given mail object directly. This can be used to deliver a preconstructed mail object, like:
email = MyMailer.create_some_mail(parameters) email.set_some_obscure_header "frobnicate" MyMailer.deliver(email)
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 253
253: def deliver(mail)
254: new.deliver!(mail)
255: end
Receives a raw email, parses it into an email object, decodes it, instantiates a new mailer, and passes the email object to the mailer object’s receive method. If you want your mailer to be able to process incoming messages, you’ll need to implement a receive method that accepts the email object as a parameter:
class MyMailer < ActionMailer::Base
def receive(mail)
...
end
end
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 240
240: def receive(raw_email)
241: logger.info "Received mail:\n #{raw_email}" unless logger.nil?
242: mail = TMail::Mail.parse(raw_email)
243: mail.base64_decode
244: new.receive(mail)
245: end
Delivers a TMail::Mail object. By default, it delivers the cached mail object (from the create! method). If no cached mail object exists, and no alternate has been given as the parameter, this will fail.
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 322
322: def deliver!(mail = @mail)
323: raise "no mail object available for delivery!" unless mail
324: logger.info "Sent mail:\n #{mail.encoded}" unless logger.nil?
325:
326: begin
327: send("perform_delivery_#{delivery_method}", mail) if perform_deliveries
328: rescue Object => e
329: raise e if raise_delivery_errors
330: end
331:
332: return mail
333: end
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 397
397: def create_mail
398: m = TMail::Mail.new
399:
400: m.subject, = quote_any_if_necessary(charset, subject)
401: m.to, m.from = quote_any_address_if_necessary(charset, recipients, from)
402: m.bcc = quote_address_if_necessary(bcc, charset) unless bcc.nil?
403: m.cc = quote_address_if_necessary(cc, charset) unless cc.nil?
404:
405: m.mime_version = mime_version unless mime_version.nil?
406: m.date = sent_on.to_time rescue sent_on if sent_on
407: headers.each { |k, v| m[k] = v }
408:
409: if @parts.empty?
410: m.set_content_type content_type, nil, { "charset" => charset }
411: m.body = Utils.normalize_new_lines(body)
412: else
413: if String === body
414: part = TMail::Mail.new
415: part.body = Utils.normalize_new_lines(body)
416: part.set_content_type content_type, nil, { "charset" => charset }
417: part.set_content_disposition "inline"
418: m.parts << part
419: end
420:
421: @parts.each do |p|
422: part = (TMail::Mail === p ? p : p.to_mail(self))
423: m.parts << part
424: end
425:
426: m.set_content_type(content_type, nil, { "charset" => charset }) if content_type =~ /multipart/
427: end
428:
429: @mail = m
430: end
Set up the default values for the various instance variables of this mailer. Subclasses may override this method to provide different defaults.
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 339
339: def initialize_defaults(method_name)
340: @charset ||= @@default_charset.dup
341: @content_type ||= @@default_content_type.dup
342: @implicit_parts_order ||= @@default_implicit_parts_order.dup
343: @template ||= method_name
344: @mailer_name ||= Inflector.underscore(self.class.name)
345: @parts ||= []
346: @headers ||= {}
347: @body ||= {}
348: @mime_version = @@default_mime_version.dup if @@default_mime_version
349: end
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# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 364
364: def initialize_template_class(assigns)
365: ActionView::Base.new(template_path, assigns, self)
366: end
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# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 442
442: def perform_delivery_sendmail(mail)
443: IO.popen("/usr/sbin/sendmail -i -t","w+") do |sm|
444: sm.print(mail.encoded.gsub(/\r/, ''))
445: sm.flush
446: end
447: end
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# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 432
432: def perform_delivery_smtp(mail)
433: destinations = mail.destinations
434: mail.ready_to_send
435:
436: Net::SMTP.start(server_settings[:address], server_settings[:port], server_settings[:domain],
437: server_settings[:user_name], server_settings[:password], server_settings[:authentication]) do |smtp|
438: smtp.sendmail(mail.encoded, mail.from, destinations)
439: end
440: end
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# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 449
449: def perform_delivery_test(mail)
450: deliveries << mail
451: end
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 355
355: def render(opts)
356: body = opts.delete(:body)
357: initialize_template_class(body).render(opts)
358: end
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 351
351: def render_message(method_name, body)
352: render :file => method_name, :body => body
353: end
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# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 368
368: def sort_parts(parts, order = [])
369: order = order.collect { |s| s.downcase }
370:
371: parts = parts.sort do |a, b|
372: a_ct = a.content_type.downcase
373: b_ct = b.content_type.downcase
374:
375: a_in = order.include? a_ct
376: b_in = order.include? b_ct
377:
378: s = case
379: when a_in && b_in
380: order.index(a_ct) <=> order.index(b_ct)
381: when a_in
382: -1
383: when b_in
384: 1
385: else
386: a_ct <=> b_ct
387: end
388:
389: # reverse the ordering because parts that come last are displayed
390: # first in mail clients
391: (s * -1)
392: end
393:
394: parts
395: end
[ show source ]
# File lib/action_mailer/base.rb, line 360
360: def template_path
361: "#{template_root}/#{mailer_name}"
362: end